import os

# Example file path
example_path = "example/directory/file.txt"

# Get the directory name
directory = os.path.dirname(example_path)
print(f"Directory name: {directory}")  # Output: example/directory

# Get the base name
file_name = os.path.basename(example_path)
print(f"File name: {file_name}")  # Output: file.txt

# Join paths
joined_path = os.path.join("example", "directory", "newfile.txt")
print(f"Joined path: {joined_path}")  # Output: example/directory/newfile.txt

# Check if path exists
path_exists = os.path.exists(example_path)
print(f"Path exists: {path_exists}")

# Check if it is a file
is_file = os.path.isfile(example_path)
print(f"Is a file: {is_file}")

# Check if it is a directory
is_directory = os.path.isdir(directory)
print(f"Is a directory: {is_directory}")

# Get the absolute path
absolute_path = os.path.abspath(example_path)
print(f"Absolute path: {absolute_path}")

# Split the path into directory and file name
split_path = os.path.split(example_path)
print(f"Split path: {split_path}")  # Output: ('example/directory', 'file.txt')

# Get the file extension
file_extension = os.path.splitext(example_path)[1]
print(f"File extension: {file_extension}")  # Output: .txt

# Example relative path
relative_path = os.path.relpath(example_path, start="example")
print(f"Relative path: {relative_path}")  # Output: directory/file.txt

# Check the size of the file (only if it exists)
if os.path.exists(example_path):
    file_size = os.path.getsize(example_path)
    print(f"File size: {file_size} bytes")

# Check the last modification time (only if it exists)
if os.path.exists(example_path):
    modification_time = os.path.getmtime(example_path)
    print(f"Last modification time: {modification_time}")

# Demonstrate creating a new directory
new_directory_path = "example/new_directory"
if not os.path.exists(new_directory_path):
    os.makedirs(new_directory_path)
    print(f"Created new directory: {new_directory_path}")
else:
    print(f"Directory already exists: {new_directory_path}")

import os

# Example file path components
folder = "example"
subfolder = "directory"
filename = "file.txt"

# Join the components into a full path
full_path = os.path.join(folder, subfolder, filename)
print(f"Full path: {full_path}")

# Check if the path exists
path_exists = os.path.exists(full_path)
print(f"Path exists: {path_exists}")

# Get the absolute path
absolute_path = os.path.abspath(full_path)
print(f"Absolute path: {absolute_path}")

# Example output for different operating systems
if os.name == 'nt':  # Windows
    print(f"Windows style path: {full_path}")
else:  # Mac/Linux
    print(f"Unix style path: {full_path}")